Ingredient guide

Collagen Types I & III: What the Numbers Mean

Short answerType I and III are the collagens found in skin, hair, nails and bone. Type II is a different protein found in cartilage and sold differently. A tub labelled only “collagen” is not telling you which one you are buying.

Collagen is not one substance. There are at least 28 types in the human body, and three of them account for most of what supplements contain. Which types are in the tub determines what the product is plausibly for — which is why leaving the number off the label is a choice, not an oversight.

The types that matter commercially

Type I is the most abundant collagen in the body — skin, tendon, ligament, bone. If a product is aimed at skin, hair or nails, this is the one doing the work.

Type III occurs alongside Type I in skin and blood vessels, and is especially present in more elastic tissue. The two are usually supplied together because that is how they occur.

Type II is the collagen in cartilage. It is sold for joint support, often as undenatured collagen at much smaller doses — tens of milligrams rather than tens of grams — because it is thought to work by a different mechanism entirely.

Source determines type

Source Types supplied Typically sold for
Bovine I and III Skin, hair, nails, bone
Marine Mostly I Skin, smaller peptide size
Chicken II Joint and cartilage support

What hydrolysed means

Whole collagen is a large, triple-helix molecule that dissolves badly and absorbs poorly. Hydrolysis breaks it into shorter chains called collagen peptides.

Two consequences. Practically, peptides dissolve in coffee or water without grit. Biologically, they are absorbed as di- and tripeptides rather than as intact collagen — so the popular idea that eating collagen sends collagen straight to your face is not how it works. The current thinking is that these peptides may act as signals as well as raw material.

Being honest about the evidence

Evidence for collagen peptides and skin elasticity and hydration is reasonably encouraging, though studies are often small and industry-funded. Evidence for joints is more mixed. Evidence for hair and nails is thinner than the marketing suggests.

It is also worth remembering collagen is an incomplete protein — low in tryptophan. It is a supplement to your protein intake, not a substitute for it.

Anyone promising visible results in a fortnight is selling. Studies that show effects typically run eight to twelve weeks of daily use.

What we use

Viara Collagen is Type I and III from grass-fed, pasture-raised bovine, fully hydrolysed and unflavoured. The types are on the front of the tub, because that is the part worth knowing.

Which types, stated

Type I & III, grass-fed, hydrolysed for absorption.

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